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This is a continuation of a series of posts about building tiny "clones" of popular web frameworks. Web is changing rapidly, and so the tools we use to build web apps (yet, I'm sincerely happy that my React/Vue posts are now seven years old, and those fra

Every good abstraction solves a problem, and this post will cover everything I know so far about a brilliant math abstraction - tensors. Neural networks, from a simple 2-layer MLP to GPT-5, all boil down to the same thing: floating-point numbers flowing t

We love coding agents. They can build a full-featured SaaS and potentially make you a millionaire if you leave them running overnight with the right prompt. They will burn your GPU or your budget, include a few unprompted vulnerabilities, will bloat your

VisiCalc Spreadsheets rule the world for almost half of a century. I strongly believe that it's one of the best UXs ever created. Being fairly minimal and easy to learn, it allows users to quickly manipulate data, describe logic, visualise results, or eve

When people talk about computer vision, they usually think of OpenCV or deep neural networks like YOLO. But in most cases, doing computer vision implies understanding of the core algorithms, so you can use or adapt them for your own needs. I wanted to see

So, you want to build a web app, but you are not a backend developer. In that case, it's very tempting to use one of many Backend-as-a-service (BaaS) platforms, such as Firebase, Supabase, or even PocketBase if you are on a budget. But here's a story of y

Last year, I noticed that routine programming no longer brought me the same joy it did decades ago. So, my New Year's resolution was to engage in more "useless" programming - coding small, fun projects without any specific end goal in mind. Of all the pos

I love music. I love playing music. I love making musical instruments and music software. I don't have formal musical training. I've never taken lessons, and honestly, I'm a pretty bad musician. What I do excel at, though, is hoarding musical instruments.

Recently with friends we talked about an early web site I've programmed, probably the very first web service I've ever done. It was a simple dictionary. Back then, we had Nokia phones without real web browsers, just something called the WAP protocol and W

This is part 6 from series "Tiny Great Languages". Final code is on Github. Part 1: Assembly. Part 2: BASIC. Part 3: Forth/MOUSE. Part 4: Lisp. Part 5: APL/K. Part 6: PL/0. Let's talk about Pascal. It's the language I first learned many years ago, and it