Lead QA Engineer Jobs

Lead QA Engineer jobs hiring now at vetted startups and product companies on Alion, updated daily. Average salary around $141,636/year. Compare remote, hybrid and on-site positions with relocation and visa sponsorship. Browse and apply today.

AI/ML
Software
Data
Security
DevOps & Cloud
Leadership
Product
Design
Fintech
Hardware & Chips
Defense
Aerospace
Biotech
Energy
Robotics
Automotive
MedTech
Science

Natural Cycles

naturalcycles.com
naturalcycles.com • HQ: Stockholm, Sweden • Consumer Health Apps • Women’s Health & Maternity • 11-50 employees • Est. 2013 • Hiring 2
HQ: Stockholm, Sweden • Consumer Health Apps • Women’s Health & Maternity • 11-50 employees • Est. 2013 • Hiring 2
Natural Cycles is a Swedish health technology company founded in 2013 and based in Stockholm. Its application is a cleared digital contraceptive based on temperature data. The product is used by millions of women worldwide.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
Verified live · 1 hour ago 1 month ago Long shot · 10%

QA Manager, Product Growth

≈ $48k – $143k per year (Estimated) • Lead • Stockholm • Remote (Sweden) • Full-Time • Staff
GDPR
Analytics
A/B Testing
Apply

Evolucare

evolucare.com
evolucare.com • HQ: Amiens, France • Primary Care & Medical Centers • Est. 1988 • Hiring 4, 1 new
HQ: Amiens, France • Primary Care & Medical Centers • Est. 1988 • Hiring 4, 1 new
Evolucare is a French health software publisher founded in 1988 and based in the Amiens area. Its applications cover emergency departments, operating theatres, rehabilitation, imaging and social care establishments. The group equips thousands of facilities in France and around forty other countries.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
Verified live · 2 hours ago 1 month ago Long shot · 20%

Lead Test Automation (H/F)

$50k – $62k per year • Lead • 5+ years exp • In office (Versailles, France) • Full-Time • Staff • French: C1
Git
Docker
CI/CD
AWS
Management
Agile
QA
Cypress
Playwright
Postman
Apply

Tavant

tavant.com
tavant.com • Bengaluru • Hyderabad • Pune • Freedom • Santa Clara • InsurTech • Custom Software Development • Est. 2000 • Hiring 9, 3 new
Bengaluru • Hyderabad • Pune • Freedom • Santa Clara • InsurTech • Custom Software Development • Est. 2000 • Hiring 9, 3 new
Tavant focuses on helping enterprises unlock the power of AI and accelerate digital transformation, improving efficiency, productivity, and accuracy to succeed in a rapidly changing business environment.
No named decision-maker yet.
Careers mailbox is known
≈ $15k – $42k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 4+ years exp • In office (Hyderabad, Pune, Bengaluru, India) • Staff
SQL
Apex
Apex
Salesforce Data Cloud
Databases
Snowflake
DevOps
CI/CD
Analytics
ETL/ELT
Apply

Liberty Mutual Group

libertymutualgroup.com
libertymutualgroup.com • HQ: Boston, United States • Property & Casualty Insurance • 5000+ employees • Est. 1912 • Trust A • Hiring 307, 54 new
HQ: Boston, United States • Property & Casualty Insurance • 5000+ employees • Est. 1912 • Trust A • Hiring 307, 54 new
Headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts, Liberty Mutual Group is a leading global insurer and one of the largest property and casualty insurance providers in the world. Founded in 1912, the company offers a comprehensive range of personal, commercial, and specialty insurance products alongside reinsurance and financial solutions. Operating across dozens of countries, it serves millions of clients worldwide by providing essential risk management services and financial protection.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
Verified live · 1 hour ago 1 month ago Long shot · 14%

Principal Test Engineer

≈ $81k – $177k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 8+ years exp • In office (Columbus, United States) • Bachelor's Degree • Principal
Node JS
TypeScript
JavaScript
DevOps
Splunk
Datadog
GitHub Actions
GitHub
Git
CI/CD
Cybersecurity
Shift-Left Security
Management
Confluence
Agile
+4
Apply

Kredivo Group

kredivocorp.com
kredivocorp.com • HQ: Singapore • Digital Banks & Neobanks • Consumer Loans & Pawnshops • Buy Now, Pay Later • 201-500 employees • Est. 2015 • Trust A • Hiring 70, 4 new
HQ: Singapore • Digital Banks & Neobanks • Consumer Loans & Pawnshops • Buy Now, Pay Later • 201-500 employees • Est. 2015 • Trust A • Hiring 70, 4 new
Kredivo Group is a Southeast Asian financial technology group based in Singapore that offers digital consumer credit, including buy now pay later financing for online and offline purchases, personal loans and digital banking. Its brands are Kredivo in Indonesia and Vietnam, KrediFazz, the Indonesian digital bank Krom, the earned wage access platform GajiGesa and the Vietnamese neobank Timo, and its backers include Mizuho Bank, Amazon and Square Peg Capital. It hires backend, Android, QA and data engineers, data scientists, product managers, and underwriting, fraud, collection and portfolio analysts.
No named decision-maker yet.
Careers mailbox is known
Verified live · 4 hours ago 1 month ago Likely open · 61%

QA Engineering Manager (SDE 5)

≈ $13k – $37k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 8+ years exp • In office (Jakarta, Indonesia) • Bachelor's Degree • Full-Time • Staff
Go
Python
Management
Scrum
Agile
QA
Selenium
Appium
Postman
Rest-Assured
Apply

The Hackett Group

thehackettgroup.com
thehackettgroup.com • HQ: Miami, United States • Management Consulting • IT Consulting & Digital Transformation • 201-500 employees • Est. 1991 • NASDAQ: HCKT • Trust D • Hiring 131
HQ: Miami, United States • Management Consulting • IT Consulting & Digital Transformation • 201-500 employees • Est. 1991 • NASDAQ: HCKT • Trust D • Hiring 131
The Hackett Group is a strategic consulting and benchmarking firm headquartered in Miami, Florida, that advises enterprises on AI strategy and on finance, procurement, HR, IT, supply chain and global business services transformation. Listed on Nasdaq, it pairs its benchmarking data with Oracle and SAP implementation practices and AI products such as ZBrain and AIXelerator, and runs a large delivery centre in Hyderabad, India. Its board recruits Oracle Fusion, EPM and HCM consultants, SAP functional and technical consultants and trainees, QA testers, Java developers, strategy and operations consultants, and account executives.
No named decision-maker yet.
Careers mailbox is known
Verified live · 1 day ago 1 month ago Long shot · 16%

Team Lead - QA - QL

≈ $15k – $42k per year (Estimated) • Lead • In office (India) • Staff
SQL
Apply

AbbVie

abbvie.com
abbvie.com • HQ: North Chicago, United States • Neurology & CNS Therapeutics • Oncology Therapeutics • Immunology & Inflammation Therapeutics • Prescription Drugs • 5000+ employees • Est. 2013 • NYSE: ABBV • Trust B • Hiring 987, 219 new
HQ: North Chicago, United States • Neurology & CNS Therapeutics • Oncology Therapeutics • Immunology & Inflammation Therapeutics • Prescription Drugs • 5000+ employees • Est. 2013 • NYSE: ABBV • Trust B • Hiring 987, 219 new
AbbVie is an American biopharmaceutical company created in 2013 when Abbott Laboratories separated its research-based drug business into a standalone listed company. It was built around the immunology drug Humira, once the highest selling medicine in the world, and has since replaced that revenue with the successor immunology drugs Skyrizi and Rinvoq, an oncology portfolio led by Imbruvica and Venclexta, neuroscience products including Botox Therapeutic and Vraylar, and the aesthetics business acquired with Allergan. Headquartered in North Chicago and listed on the New York Stock Exchange, it is one of the largest pharmaceutical companies by revenue.
Richard Gonzalez · Founding Chief Executive Officer · decision-maker
Laura Schumacher · Executive Officer · decision-maker
Carlos Alban · Executive Officer · decision-maker
William Chase · Executive Officer · decision-maker
No careers mailbox known
Top 25% payVerified live · 3 hours ago Visa sponsor 2 months ago Long shot · 10%

Lead Digital Health Quality Engineer

$97k – $184k per year • Lead • 6+ years exp • Hybrid (Chicago, United States) • Bachelor's Degree • Full-Time • GMP / cleanroom • Middle • English
Mandiant capa
MedTech
ISO 14971
IEC 62304
21 CFR Part 820
EU MDR
Design Controls
Design History File
CAPA
Apply

Valeo

valeo.com
valeo.com • HQ: Paris, France • Autonomous Driving • Automotive Manufacturing • Automotive Components • 5000+ employees • Est. 1923 • Trust B • Hiring 761, 51 new
HQ: Paris, France • Autonomous Driving • Automotive Manufacturing • Automotive Components • 5000+ employees • Est. 1923 • Trust B • Hiring 761, 51 new
Valeo is a French automotive supplier headquartered in Paris that designs and manufactures systems for automakers and new mobility players, organized into Brain, Power and Light divisions plus the Valeo Service aftermarket business. Its portfolio spans driver assistance sensors such as the SCALA LiDAR, electrified powertrains, 48V hybrid systems, thermal systems, lighting and software-defined vehicle software, and the group, listed on the Paris stock exchange, traces its origins to 1923. It hires quality, test and validation, process, maintenance, systems and software engineers, buyers, program managers, technicians and interns at plants and R&D centers in Europe, Asia and the Americas.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
Verified live · 2 hours ago 2 months ago Long shot · 16%

Industrial Testing Engineer Lead

Lead • In office (Rakovník, Czech Republic) • Master's Degree • Full-Time • Staff • English
C++
Python
Apply

OCLC

yourcloudlibrary.com
yourcloudlibrary.com • HQ: Dublin, United States • Intranet & Knowledge Management • Data Providers & Datasets • Trust B • Hiring 24, 5 new
HQ: Dublin, United States • Intranet & Knowledge Management • Data Providers & Datasets • Trust B • Hiring 24, 5 new
OCLC is a library technology and services organization that connects libraries and makes knowledge accessible, and its CloudLibrary service offers digital reading to library patrons. Its teams work with global datasets, AI and machine learning and hybrid cloud solutions. The organization is headquartered in Dublin, Ohio, United States.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
2 months ago Long shot · 21%

Principal Test Engineer

≈ $84k – $182k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 10+ years exp • Hybrid (Dublin, United States) • Bachelor's Degree • Full-Time • Principal
SQL
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Python
Java
Maven
Gradle
AI/ML
LLM Guardrails
Machine Learning
Mobile
JUnit
DevOps
Self-Healing
Jenkins
Git
CI/CD
GitLab CI
Azure DevOps
GitHub
Docker
GCP
Kubernetes
Azure
AWS
QA
TestNG
Selenium
Cucumber
Postman
Rest-Assured
Cypress
Playwright
+21
Apply
rbc.com • HQ: Toronto, Canada • Financial Software & Embedded Finance • Financial Services • Investment Banking & M&A Advisory • Wealth Management & Financial Advisors • Commercial & Retail Banks • Mortgage Lending & Brokers • 1001-5000 employees • Est. 1864 • NYSE: RY • Trust A • Hiring 374, 81 new
HQ: Toronto, Canada • Financial Software & Embedded Finance • Financial Services • Investment Banking & M&A Advisory • Wealth Management & Financial Advisors • Commercial & Retail Banks • Mortgage Lending & Brokers • 1001-5000 employees • Est. 1864 • NYSE: RY • Trust A • Hiring 374, 81 new
Headquartered in Toronto, Ontario - with its registered head office in Montreal, Quebec - Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) is a major global financial services enterprise and Canada's largest bank by market capitalization. The institution operates a diversified universal banking platform spanning personal and commercial banking, global wealth management, capital markets, insurance, and investor services. Serving over 19 million consumer, commercial, and institutional clients across nearly 30 countries, it functions as a global systemically important bank (G-SIB) and a primary provider of international financial infrastructure.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
Verified live · 4 hours ago Visa sponsor 2 months ago Long shot · 12%

AI-First Quality Engineering Lead

≈ $58k – $121k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 4+ years exp • In office (Toronto, Canada) • Full-Time • Staff
Java
Python
C#
C#
.NET
AI/ML
Hallucination
Anthropic
Agentic Workflows
OpenAI
Copilot
LLM
AI Agents
DevOps
Self-Healing
Git
CI/CD
Cybersecurity
Shift-Left Security
+7
Apply

HealthEdge

healthedge.com
healthedge.com • HQ: Burlington, United States • Health Insurance & Benefits • Revenue Cycle & Medical Billing • 1001-5000 employees • Est. 2004 • Trust A • Hiring 37, 6 new
HQ: Burlington, United States • Health Insurance & Benefits • Revenue Cycle & Medical Billing • 1001-5000 employees • Est. 2004 • Trust A • Hiring 37, 6 new
HealthEdge builds core administrative software for health insurance payers. Its products handle claims processing, benefits configuration, care management and member engagement. Plans use the platform to replace decades-old claims systems.
No named decision-maker yet.
Careers mailbox is known
Verified live · 28 min ago 2 months ago Long shot · 20%

Lead QA Engineer

≈ $14k – $38k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 10+ years exp • In office (Hyderabad, India) • Bachelor's Degree • Staff
TypeScript
JavaScript
Python
AI/ML
Claude
Copilot
DevOps
GitHub Actions
Git
CI/CD
AWS
QA
Selenium
Playwright
Postman
Rest-Assured
TestRail
+6
Apply

Bajaj Broking

bajajbroking.in
bajajbroking.in • HQ: Bengaluru, India • Professional Services • Online Brokerage & Trading Platforms • Financial Services • Est. 2019 • Hiring 1
HQ: Bengaluru, India • Professional Services • Online Brokerage & Trading Platforms • Financial Services • Est. 2019 • Hiring 1
Bajaj Broking is a SEBI registered stockbroker backed by the Bajaj Group. Trade Stocks, IPOs, invest in Mutual Funds and track markets daily - all on one platform.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
2 months ago Long shot · 8%

Automation Test Lead - Java/Selenium

≈ $16k – $46k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 10+ years exp • In office (Bengaluru, India) • Staff
TypeScript
JavaScript
Python
DevOps
GitLab
Jenkins
Rest API
CI/CD
Cybersecurity
Shift-Left Security
QA
Selenium
Cypress
Playwright
Appium
Rest-Assured
+5
Apply
Report

Zendesk

zendesk.com
zendesk.com • HQ: San Francisco, United States • CRM Software • Customer Support & Help Desk Software • 1001-5000 employees • Est. 2007 • Trust B • Hiring 140, 22 new
HQ: San Francisco, United States • CRM Software • Customer Support & Help Desk Software • 1001-5000 employees • Est. 2007 • Trust B • Hiring 140, 22 new
Zendesk is a cloud-based software company specializing in customer service, CRM, and user engagement solutions. Headquartered in San Francisco, California, the company provides omnichannel support ticketing, live chat, customer analytics, and AI-powered help desk software for businesses worldwide. Serving clients from startups to large enterprises across nearly every major industry, the organization focuses on helping companies streamline customer communications and manage support operations.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
Verified live · 27 min ago 2 months ago Long shot · 17%

Principal, Enterprise QA & IT Delivery Leader

≈ $45k – $135k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 10+ years exp • Hybrid (Mexico City, Mexico) • Full-Time • Principal
Self-Healing
Jenkins
CI/CD
Management
Jira
QA
Playwright
Apply
cboe.com • HQ: Chicago, United States • Stock Exchanges & Market Infrastructure • 501-1000 employees • Est. 1973 • Hiring 88, 3 new
HQ: Chicago, United States • Stock Exchanges & Market Infrastructure • 501-1000 employees • Est. 1973 • Hiring 88, 3 new
Cboe Global Markets is a derivatives and securities exchange operator headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, that runs options, equities, futures and foreign exchange markets together with clearing, market data and index services. Founded in 1973 as the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the first US listed options exchange, it is home to the VIX volatility index and operates exchanges in the United States, Canada, Europe and Australia as a public company. It hires software engineers for trading and clearing systems, data engineers, trading floor operations specialists, regulatory investigators, legal counsel, risk managers and interns.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
Verified live · 2 hours ago 2 months ago Fading · 29%

Senior QA Manager

Lead • 5+ years exp • In office (London, United Kingdom) • Full-Time • Senior
SQL
Python
AI/ML
AutoGen
OpenAI Codex
LangChain
Claude Code
AI Agents
DevOps
Bamboo
Jenkins
Git
CI/CD
+3
Apply

IDfy

idfy.com
idfy.com • Bengaluru • Mumbai • Identity Management • 51-200 employees • Est. 2011 • Hiring 13, 6 new
Bengaluru • Mumbai • Identity Management • 51-200 employees • Est. 2011 • Hiring 13, 6 new
IDfy leverages technology and analytics to enable people to establish trust in everyday interaction - be it jobs, dating or even renting a home in a new city. Founded by ISB alumni with decades of experience, IDfy has raised $3.5 million from VCs.
No named decision-maker yet.
No careers mailbox known
2 months ago Long shot · 5%

Module Lead - Test Automation

≈ $15k – $41k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 8+ years exp • In office (Mumbai, India) • Staff
TypeScript
JavaScript
Python
DevOps
GitLab CI
GitHub Actions
Jenkins
Docker
CI/CD
Design
Figma
Management
Scrum
Agile
QA
TestRail
Cypress
Playwright
Postman
Rest-Assured
+8
Apply

Harver

harver.com
harver.com • HQ: Amsterdam, Netherlands • Recruiting Software & ATS • Skill Assessment • 51-200 employees • Est. 2013 • Hiring 3
HQ: Amsterdam, Netherlands • Recruiting Software & ATS • Skill Assessment • 51-200 employees • Est. 2013 • Hiring 3
Harver builds pre-employment assessments and predictive matching for high-volume hiring. Founded in 2013 in Amsterdam, it combines behavioural science with machine learning to rank candidates fairly. It acquired the assessment pioneer pymetrics to broaden its science base.
No named decision-maker yet.
Careers mailbox is known
Verified live · 4 hours ago 2 months ago Long shot · 13%

QA Manager

Lead • In office (Amsterdam, Netherlands) • Full-Time • Staff
Node JS
TypeScript
JavaScript
Databases
PostgreSQL
AI/ML
Claude Code
DevOps
OpenTelemetry
Datadog
Grafana
QA
Playwright
+1
Apply

Centific

centific.com
centific.com • HQ: Redmond, United States • AI Consulting & Integration • AI Evaluation & Observability • AI Training Data & Annotation • Translation Services • 1001-5000 employees • Est. 2020 • IT services • Trust C • Hiring 67, 2 new
HQ: Redmond, United States • AI Consulting & Integration • AI Evaluation & Observability • AI Training Data & Annotation • Translation Services • 1001-5000 employees • Est. 2020 • IT services • Trust C • Hiring 67, 2 new
Centific is an American company spun out of the localisation group Pactera EDGE that supplies the data, evaluation and engineering services artificial intelligence systems need in production. Its work covers multilingual training data collection and annotation, human evaluation of model outputs, red teaming, and the engineering to deploy models into enterprise and retail environments, drawing on a contributor network spanning many languages and markets. Headquartered in Redmond, Washington, it works with large technology companies and enterprises, and its heritage in localisation is what gave it the global human capacity this work requires.
No named decision-maker yet.
Careers mailbox is known
Verified live · 6 hours ago 2 months ago Long shot · 17%

Lead Vietnamese Localization QA Tester

$64k per year • Lead • In office (San Antonio, United States) • Full-Time • Staff • English • Vietnamese: C1
RAG
Apply

Wolters Kluwer

wolterskluwer.com
wolterskluwer.com • HQ: Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands • RegTech, AML & Compliance • Clinical Decision Support • Legal Software • Accounting & Tax Software • 5000+ employees • Est. 1987 • Trust B • Hiring 412, 54 new
HQ: Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands • RegTech, AML & Compliance • Clinical Decision Support • Legal Software • Accounting & Tax Software • 5000+ employees • Est. 1987 • Trust B • Hiring 412, 54 new
Wolters Kluwer N.V. is a global information services, enterprise software, and workflow solutions provider for professional sectors. Headquartered in Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands, the publicly traded multinational operates across five core business divisions: Health, Tax & Accounting, Financial & Corporate Compliance, Legal & Regulatory, and Corporate Performance & ESG.
No named decision-maker yet.
Careers mailbox is known
Verified live · 4 hours ago 2 months ago Long shot · 17%

Lead Software Test Automation Engineer | Test Architect - Agentic AI

≈ $71k – $155k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 8+ years exp • Hybrid (Tampa, Minneapolis, Austin, Houston, United States) • Full-Time • Architect
C#
TypeScript
JavaScript
Python
AI/ML
Hallucination
LLM Evaluation
LLM
AI Agents
DevOps
GitHub Actions
Azure DevOps
Jenkins
GitHub
Azure
CI/CD
Cybersecurity
Shift-Left Security
QA
Selenium
Cypress
Playwright
Postman
Rest-Assured
Pytest
Supertest
+14
Apply
Open 124 daysVerified live · 4 hours ago 4 months ago Long shot · 10%

Lead Software Test Automation Engineer - Selenium with C# and API Testing (Rest)

≈ $12k – $33k per year (Estimated) • Lead • Hybrid (Pune, India) • Full-Time • Staff
C#
Java
SQL
C#
.NET
DevOps
GitHub Actions
Azure DevOps
Grafana
Jenkins
Rest API
Git
CI/CD
Azure
Management
Scrum
Agile
QA
Selenium
Playwright
Swagger
+9
Apply

Old Skull Games

oldskullgames.com
oldskullgames.com • HQ: Villeurbanne, France • PC Games • Game Development • 51-200 employees • Est. 2012 • Hiring 3
HQ: Villeurbanne, France • PC Games • Game Development • 51-200 employees • Est. 2012 • Hiring 3
We craftgames worth sharing.. Old Skull Games is an independent studio crafting high-quality games for PC, console, and mobile, from original productions to trusted development partnerships.
Herve Sohm · Président de SAS · decision-maker
Careers mailbox is known
Verified live · 4 hours ago 2 months ago Long shot · 13%

QA Manager

Lead • 5+ years exp • Hybrid (Villeurbanne, France) • Full-Time • Middle • French
Go
DevOps
CI/CD
Game Dev
Unity
Management
Agile
Apply

SymphonyAI

symphonyai.com
symphonyai.com • Bengaluru • Information Technology • Law Enforcement • Fraud Detection • Artificial Intelligence • Industrial AI • Retail & Commerce AI • Financial AI • Predictive Analytics • Est. 2017 • Hiring 19
Bengaluru • Information Technology • Law Enforcement • Fraud Detection • Artificial Intelligence • Industrial AI • Retail & Commerce AI • Financial AI • Predictive Analytics • Est. 2017 • Hiring 19
Explore AI applications for your business. SymphonyAI combines predictive, generative, and agentic AI for powerful, ready-to-deploy business applications.
No named decision-maker yet.
Careers mailbox is known
≈ $16k – $46k per year (Estimated) • Lead • 8+ years exp • In office (Bengaluru, India) • Staff
TypeScript
JavaScript
Python
AI/ML
Machine Learning
DevOps
GitHub Actions
Azure DevOps
Jenkins
Rest API
CI/CD
Azure
Cybersecurity
Shift-Left Security
Management
Jira
Agile
QA
TestRail
Playwright
+7
Apply
Machines can read this selection · checked 05:32 UTC
Lead QA Engineer Jobs
Frequently asked questions
How many Lead QA Engineer jobs are available on Alion?
There are currently 823 active listings from 574 hiring companies on Alion, refreshed daily.
What salary do Lead QA Engineer jobs pay?
The average salary is around $141,636 per year based on the current listings.
Are remote options available for Lead QA Engineer jobs?
Yes, many of these roles offer remote or hybrid work, and you can filter listings by remote, relocation and visa sponsorship.
How do I apply for Lead QA Engineer jobs?
Open any listing on Alion and apply directly with the employer through the provided link - no lengthy sign-up required.